Abstract
Many studies have shown a relationship between smoking and depression. However, few studies have examined the association between current depression and smoking and even fewer used large cross-sectional data to support these findings. Using the 2006 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data (n = 248,800), we compared rates of lifetime depression, lifetime anxiety, current depression, and current depressive symptoms among smokers who unsuccessfully attempted to quit (unsuccessful quitters), former smokers (successful quitters), and smokers who made no attempts to quit (non-quitters). Unsuccessful quitters experienced more lifetime depression and anxiety than non-quitters (OR = 1.2; 95% CI, 1.0-1.4), whereas successful quitters experienced less (OR = 0.7, 95% CI, 0.6-0.8). Current depression prevalence was 14.3% among non-quitters, 18.8% among unsuccessful quitters, and 8.0% among successful quitters. On average, unsuccessful quitters also experienced more days of depressive symptoms during the previous month than either non-quitters or successful quitters. Our results suggest that smokers who attempt to quit unsuccessfully may experience lifetime depression as well as current depression at a higher rate than other smokers and former smokers.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 491-497 |
| Number of pages | 7 |
| Journal | Addictive Behaviors |
| Volume | 34 |
| Issue number | 6-7 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Jun 2009 |
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Keywords
- Anxiety
- BRFSS
- Depression
- PHQ-8
- Smoking
- Smoking cessation
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Psychiatry and Mental health
- Clinical Psychology
- Toxicology
- Medicine (miscellaneous)
Cite this
Associations between smoking cessation and anxiety and depression among U.S. adults. / McClave, Annette K.; Dube, Shanta R.; Strine, Tara W.; Kroenke, Kurt; Caraballo, Ralph S.; Mokdad, Ali H.
In: Addictive Behaviors, Vol. 34, No. 6-7, 06.2009, p. 491-497.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Associations between smoking cessation and anxiety and depression among U.S. adults
AU - McClave, Annette K.
AU - Dube, Shanta R.
AU - Strine, Tara W.
AU - Kroenke, Kurt
AU - Caraballo, Ralph S.
AU - Mokdad, Ali H.
PY - 2009/6
Y1 - 2009/6
N2 - Many studies have shown a relationship between smoking and depression. However, few studies have examined the association between current depression and smoking and even fewer used large cross-sectional data to support these findings. Using the 2006 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data (n = 248,800), we compared rates of lifetime depression, lifetime anxiety, current depression, and current depressive symptoms among smokers who unsuccessfully attempted to quit (unsuccessful quitters), former smokers (successful quitters), and smokers who made no attempts to quit (non-quitters). Unsuccessful quitters experienced more lifetime depression and anxiety than non-quitters (OR = 1.2; 95% CI, 1.0-1.4), whereas successful quitters experienced less (OR = 0.7, 95% CI, 0.6-0.8). Current depression prevalence was 14.3% among non-quitters, 18.8% among unsuccessful quitters, and 8.0% among successful quitters. On average, unsuccessful quitters also experienced more days of depressive symptoms during the previous month than either non-quitters or successful quitters. Our results suggest that smokers who attempt to quit unsuccessfully may experience lifetime depression as well as current depression at a higher rate than other smokers and former smokers.
AB - Many studies have shown a relationship between smoking and depression. However, few studies have examined the association between current depression and smoking and even fewer used large cross-sectional data to support these findings. Using the 2006 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data (n = 248,800), we compared rates of lifetime depression, lifetime anxiety, current depression, and current depressive symptoms among smokers who unsuccessfully attempted to quit (unsuccessful quitters), former smokers (successful quitters), and smokers who made no attempts to quit (non-quitters). Unsuccessful quitters experienced more lifetime depression and anxiety than non-quitters (OR = 1.2; 95% CI, 1.0-1.4), whereas successful quitters experienced less (OR = 0.7, 95% CI, 0.6-0.8). Current depression prevalence was 14.3% among non-quitters, 18.8% among unsuccessful quitters, and 8.0% among successful quitters. On average, unsuccessful quitters also experienced more days of depressive symptoms during the previous month than either non-quitters or successful quitters. Our results suggest that smokers who attempt to quit unsuccessfully may experience lifetime depression as well as current depression at a higher rate than other smokers and former smokers.
KW - Anxiety
KW - BRFSS
KW - Depression
KW - PHQ-8
KW - Smoking
KW - Smoking cessation
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=67349216148&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=67349216148&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.addbeh.2009.01.005
DO - 10.1016/j.addbeh.2009.01.005
M3 - Article
C2 - 19217720
AN - SCOPUS:67349216148
VL - 34
SP - 491
EP - 497
JO - Addictive Behaviors
JF - Addictive Behaviors
SN - 0306-4603
IS - 6-7
ER -