Abstract
Fragrances such as eugenol (4-allyl-2-methoxyphenol) and isoeugenol (2-methoxy-4-propenylphenol), naturally found in reasonable quantities in the essential oils of different spices, are not only common causes of contact dermatitis but also known for their antiproliferative actions. Previously, we found a cell cycle arrest and an arylhydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-mediated activation of cytochromes in immortalized keratinocytes (HaCaT) induced by both compounds. In the present study we investigated whether the cell cycle arrest of eugenol and isoeugenol is mediated by the AhR in HaCaT cells. Analysis of the cell cycle status by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) revealed an arrest of cells (32-34%) in the G0/G1 phase induced by both compounds. This was found in synchronized HaCaT cells, natural HaCaT, and siRNA AhR transfected HaCaT. The induced G0/G1 arrests were reduced in the presence of the highly selective AhR antagonist 3′-methoxy-4′-nitroflavone (MNF). In summary, these results, together with our previous findings that both compounds induce translocation of the AhR into the nucleus, provide good evidence that the effects of eugenol and isoeugenol in skin and keratinocytes are mediated by the AhR. Furthermore, these data suggest that the known growth suppressive effects of these compounds in some skin cells may be mediated by AhR interactions.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 1201-1207 |
| Number of pages | 7 |
| Journal | Biological Chemistry |
| Volume | 387 |
| Issue number | 9 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Sep 1 2006 |
| Externally published | Yes |
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Keywords
- AhR agonist
- AhR-siRNA
- G/G arrest
- MNF
- Skin
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Biochemistry
Cite this
Impact of the arylhydrocarbon receptor on eugenol- and isoeugenol-induced cell cycle arrest in human immortalized keratinocytes (HaCaT). / Kalmes, Michaela; Neumeyer, Andrea; Rio, Paola; Hanenberg, Helmut; Fritsche, Ellen; Blömeke, Brunhilde.
In: Biological Chemistry, Vol. 387, No. 9, 01.09.2006, p. 1201-1207.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Impact of the arylhydrocarbon receptor on eugenol- and isoeugenol-induced cell cycle arrest in human immortalized keratinocytes (HaCaT)
AU - Kalmes, Michaela
AU - Neumeyer, Andrea
AU - Rio, Paola
AU - Hanenberg, Helmut
AU - Fritsche, Ellen
AU - Blömeke, Brunhilde
PY - 2006/9/1
Y1 - 2006/9/1
N2 - Fragrances such as eugenol (4-allyl-2-methoxyphenol) and isoeugenol (2-methoxy-4-propenylphenol), naturally found in reasonable quantities in the essential oils of different spices, are not only common causes of contact dermatitis but also known for their antiproliferative actions. Previously, we found a cell cycle arrest and an arylhydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-mediated activation of cytochromes in immortalized keratinocytes (HaCaT) induced by both compounds. In the present study we investigated whether the cell cycle arrest of eugenol and isoeugenol is mediated by the AhR in HaCaT cells. Analysis of the cell cycle status by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) revealed an arrest of cells (32-34%) in the G0/G1 phase induced by both compounds. This was found in synchronized HaCaT cells, natural HaCaT, and siRNA AhR transfected HaCaT. The induced G0/G1 arrests were reduced in the presence of the highly selective AhR antagonist 3′-methoxy-4′-nitroflavone (MNF). In summary, these results, together with our previous findings that both compounds induce translocation of the AhR into the nucleus, provide good evidence that the effects of eugenol and isoeugenol in skin and keratinocytes are mediated by the AhR. Furthermore, these data suggest that the known growth suppressive effects of these compounds in some skin cells may be mediated by AhR interactions.
AB - Fragrances such as eugenol (4-allyl-2-methoxyphenol) and isoeugenol (2-methoxy-4-propenylphenol), naturally found in reasonable quantities in the essential oils of different spices, are not only common causes of contact dermatitis but also known for their antiproliferative actions. Previously, we found a cell cycle arrest and an arylhydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-mediated activation of cytochromes in immortalized keratinocytes (HaCaT) induced by both compounds. In the present study we investigated whether the cell cycle arrest of eugenol and isoeugenol is mediated by the AhR in HaCaT cells. Analysis of the cell cycle status by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) revealed an arrest of cells (32-34%) in the G0/G1 phase induced by both compounds. This was found in synchronized HaCaT cells, natural HaCaT, and siRNA AhR transfected HaCaT. The induced G0/G1 arrests were reduced in the presence of the highly selective AhR antagonist 3′-methoxy-4′-nitroflavone (MNF). In summary, these results, together with our previous findings that both compounds induce translocation of the AhR into the nucleus, provide good evidence that the effects of eugenol and isoeugenol in skin and keratinocytes are mediated by the AhR. Furthermore, these data suggest that the known growth suppressive effects of these compounds in some skin cells may be mediated by AhR interactions.
KW - AhR agonist
KW - AhR-siRNA
KW - G/G arrest
KW - MNF
KW - Skin
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=33748744452&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=33748744452&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1515/BC.2006.148
DO - 10.1515/BC.2006.148
M3 - Article
C2 - 16972787
AN - SCOPUS:33748744452
VL - 387
SP - 1201
EP - 1207
JO - Biological Chemistry
JF - Biological Chemistry
SN - 1431-6730
IS - 9
ER -