Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to delineate the cellular, mechanical and morphometric effects of altered loading on the mandibular condylar cartilage (MCC) and subchondral bone. We hypothesized that altered loading will induce differentiation of cells by accelerating the lineage progression of the MCC.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four-week-old male Dkk3 XCol2A1XCol10A1 mice were randomly divided into two groups: (1) Loaded-Altered loading of MCC was induced by forced mouth opening using a custom-made spring; (2) Control-served as an unloaded group. Mice were euthanized and flow cytometery based cell analysis, micro-CT, gene expression analysis, histology and morphometric measurements were done to assess the response.
RESULTS: Our flow cytometery data showed that altered loading resulted in a significant increase in a number of Col2a1-positive (blue) and Col10a1-positive (red) expressing cells. The gene expression analysis showed significant increase in expression of BMP2, Col10a1 and Sox 9 in the altered loading group. There was a significant increase in the bone volume fraction and trabecular thickness, but a decrease in the trabecular spacing of the subchondral bone with the altered loading. Morphometric measurements revealed increased mandibular length, increased condylar length and increased cartilage width with altered loading. Our histology showed increased mineralization/calcification of the MCC with 5 days of loading. An unexpected observation was an increase in expression of tartrate resistant acid phosphatase activity in the fibrocartilaginous region with loading.
CONCLUSION: Altered loading leads to mineralization of fibrocartilage and drives the lineage towards differentiation/maturation.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | e0160121 |
| Journal | PLoS One |
| Volume | 11 |
| Issue number | 7 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Jan 1 2016 |
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ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Medicine(all)
- Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology(all)
- Agricultural and Biological Sciences(all)
Cite this
The Effect of Altered Loading on Mandibular Condylar Cartilage. / Kaul, Raman; O'Brien, Mara H.; Dutra, Eliane; Lima, Alexandro; Utreja, Achint; Yadav, Sumit.
In: PLoS One, Vol. 11, No. 7, 01.01.2016, p. e0160121.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - The Effect of Altered Loading on Mandibular Condylar Cartilage
AU - Kaul, Raman
AU - O'Brien, Mara H.
AU - Dutra, Eliane
AU - Lima, Alexandro
AU - Utreja, Achint
AU - Yadav, Sumit
PY - 2016/1/1
Y1 - 2016/1/1
N2 - OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to delineate the cellular, mechanical and morphometric effects of altered loading on the mandibular condylar cartilage (MCC) and subchondral bone. We hypothesized that altered loading will induce differentiation of cells by accelerating the lineage progression of the MCC.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four-week-old male Dkk3 XCol2A1XCol10A1 mice were randomly divided into two groups: (1) Loaded-Altered loading of MCC was induced by forced mouth opening using a custom-made spring; (2) Control-served as an unloaded group. Mice were euthanized and flow cytometery based cell analysis, micro-CT, gene expression analysis, histology and morphometric measurements were done to assess the response.RESULTS: Our flow cytometery data showed that altered loading resulted in a significant increase in a number of Col2a1-positive (blue) and Col10a1-positive (red) expressing cells. The gene expression analysis showed significant increase in expression of BMP2, Col10a1 and Sox 9 in the altered loading group. There was a significant increase in the bone volume fraction and trabecular thickness, but a decrease in the trabecular spacing of the subchondral bone with the altered loading. Morphometric measurements revealed increased mandibular length, increased condylar length and increased cartilage width with altered loading. Our histology showed increased mineralization/calcification of the MCC with 5 days of loading. An unexpected observation was an increase in expression of tartrate resistant acid phosphatase activity in the fibrocartilaginous region with loading.CONCLUSION: Altered loading leads to mineralization of fibrocartilage and drives the lineage towards differentiation/maturation.
AB - OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to delineate the cellular, mechanical and morphometric effects of altered loading on the mandibular condylar cartilage (MCC) and subchondral bone. We hypothesized that altered loading will induce differentiation of cells by accelerating the lineage progression of the MCC.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four-week-old male Dkk3 XCol2A1XCol10A1 mice were randomly divided into two groups: (1) Loaded-Altered loading of MCC was induced by forced mouth opening using a custom-made spring; (2) Control-served as an unloaded group. Mice were euthanized and flow cytometery based cell analysis, micro-CT, gene expression analysis, histology and morphometric measurements were done to assess the response.RESULTS: Our flow cytometery data showed that altered loading resulted in a significant increase in a number of Col2a1-positive (blue) and Col10a1-positive (red) expressing cells. The gene expression analysis showed significant increase in expression of BMP2, Col10a1 and Sox 9 in the altered loading group. There was a significant increase in the bone volume fraction and trabecular thickness, but a decrease in the trabecular spacing of the subchondral bone with the altered loading. Morphometric measurements revealed increased mandibular length, increased condylar length and increased cartilage width with altered loading. Our histology showed increased mineralization/calcification of the MCC with 5 days of loading. An unexpected observation was an increase in expression of tartrate resistant acid phosphatase activity in the fibrocartilaginous region with loading.CONCLUSION: Altered loading leads to mineralization of fibrocartilage and drives the lineage towards differentiation/maturation.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85014769664&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85014769664&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1371/journal.pone.0160121
DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0160121
M3 - Article
C2 - 27472059
AN - SCOPUS:85014769664
VL - 11
SP - e0160121
JO - PLoS One
JF - PLoS One
SN - 1932-6203
IS - 7
ER -